What is Erectile Dysfunction?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent sexual issue that men often discuss with their doctor. It affects a significant number of men, with estimates suggesting up to 30 million cases. ED is characterized by difficulties in achieving or maintaining an erection suitable for sexual activity. While occasional erection problems are not uncommon, progressive or recurrent ED is not normal and requires treatment. If you are experiencing ED, it is essential to seek appropriate care and explore available treatment options.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) can occur due to various factors:

• It is commonly associated with restricted blood flow or nerve damage in the penis.
• Stress or emotional factors can also contribute to ED.
• Additionally, ED can serve as an early indicator of underlying health conditions such as atherosclerosis, heart disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes.

If you experience any symptoms of ED, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the causes and seeking appropriate medical advice can help improve your overall sexual health and well-being.

How Erections Work

During sexual arousal, specific nerves release chemicals that promote increased blood flow to the penis. This blood flow enters two erection chambers made of spongy muscle tissue called the corpus cavernosum. It’s important to note that these chambers are not hollow.

As the spongy tissues relax during an erection, they effectively trap the blood, resulting in firmness and an erect penis. When a man reaches orgasm, a separate set of nerve signals stimulate the contraction of the muscular tissues in the penis, leading to the release of blood back into circulation and the subsequent return of the penis to its flaccid state.

Outside of sexual arousal, the penis remains soft and limp. It’s normal for men to observe variations in penis size due to factors such as temperature, coldness, or stress. These fluctuations reflect the balance of blood entering and leaving the penis.

Symptoms

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) can make it difficult to achieve or maintain a firm erection for sexual activity. When ED becomes a recurring and bothersome issue, seeking help from your primary care provider or a Urologist is recommended.

ED can serve as a significant warning sign of cardiovascular disease, indicating the presence of blockages in a man’s vascular system. Research has shown that men with ED are at a higher risk of experiencing heart attacks, strokes, or circulatory problems in the legs. In addition, ED can lead to low self-esteem, depression, and distress for both the man and his partner.

If ED is impacting a man’s well-being or his relationships, it should be addressed and treated. The goal of treatment is to improve erectile function, enhance circulatory health, and ultimately enhance the overall quality of life for men affected by ED.

Causes

Erectile dysfunction (ED) can stem from various health problems, emotional issues, or a combination of both. Some well-known risk factors for ED include:

• Age over 50
• Diabetes (high blood sugar)
• High blood pressure
• Cardiovascular disease
• High cholesterol levels
• Smoking
• Substance abuse or excessive alcohol consumption
• Obesity
• Lack of physical activity

If you’re experiencing ED, it’s important to address these risk factors and seek appropriate treatment.

While it’s true that ED becomes more common with age, it’s important to note that growing old doesn’t necessarily lead to ED. In fact, there are men who maintain their sexual functionality well into their 80s. However, it’s crucial to understand that ED can sometimes be an early indicator of an underlying health issue. Therefore, it is vital to identify and address the root cause of ED as an initial and crucial step in finding effective treatment options.

Physical Causes of ED

Erectile dysfunction (ED) occurs due to various reasons:

• Insufficient blood flow to the penis: Several health conditions, such as hardened arteries, heart disease, high blood sugar (Diabetes), and smoking, can reduce blood flow to the penis.
• Inability to maintain blood in the penis during an erection: When blood does not stay in the penis, it hinders a man’s ability to sustain an erection. This issue can arise at any age.
• Impaired nerve signals to the penis from the brain or spinal cord: Diseases, injuries, or surgeries in the pelvic area can damage the nerves connected to the penis.
• Diabetes-related small vessel disease or nerve damage affecting the penis.
• Impact of cancer treatments near the pelvic region on penile functionality: Surgeries and radiation treatments for cancers in the lower abdomen or pelvis can lead to ED. Men who have undergone treatment for prostate, colon-rectal, or bladder cancer often experience ED. It is recommended for cancer survivors to consult a Urologist regarding sexual health concerns.
• Adverse effects of medications used to treat other health conditions on erections: Patients should discuss potential drug side effects with their primary care doctors.

Addressing these factors and seeking appropriate medical advice can help manage and treat ED effectively.

Emotional Causes of ED

A healthy sexual experience requires the harmonious collaboration of both the mind and body. Erectile dysfunction (ED) can be influenced or aggravated by emotional or relationship challenges. Some common emotional issues that can contribute to ED include depression, anxiety, conflicts within relationships, stress at home or work, social, cultural, or religious conflicts, as well as concerns about sexual performance. It’s important to address these factors to enhance your overall sexual well-being.

Diagnosis

Understanding the root cause of your erectile dysfunction (ED) is crucial for determining the most effective treatment options. Diagnosing ED involves a comprehensive assessment of your cardiovascular health, erection issues, and a physical examination. Your healthcare provider may also order lab tests or refer you to a specialized urologist. Take proactive steps towards addressing your ED concerns and finding suitable solutions for a healthier and more fulfilling life.

Health and ED History

When you visit your doctor, they will inquire about your health history and lifestyle. It’s important to provide information about any medications you’re taking, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption. Additionally, they may ask about recent stressors in your life. Openly communicating with your doctor will enable them to guide you towards the most effective treatment options. Remember, sharing these details is crucial for your overall healthcare.

What Questions Will the Health Care Provider Ask?

• What medications, including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, or supplements, do you currently take?
• Do you engage in recreational drug use?
• Are you a smoker?
• How much alcohol do you consume?
• Have you undergone pelvic surgery or radiation therapy?
• Do you experience any urinary issues?
• Do you have any other treated or untreated health conditions?

Questions About ED

Understanding your erectile dysfunction (ED) history is crucial for your healthcare provider to assess whether your sexual issues stem from desire, erection function, ejaculation, or orgasm (climax). While some of these inquiries may seem personal or uncomfortable, rest assured that your doctor is a seasoned professional, and your sincere responses will aid in identifying the root cause and determining the most effective treatment for you. Discover comprehensive solutions for ED with the assistance of a trusted healthcare professional.

Common Questions about Erectile Dysfunction (ED) Symptoms:

• How long have you been experiencing these symptoms? Did they develop gradually or suddenly?
• Do you experience morning or nocturnal erections?
• If you do have erections, how strong are they? Is penetration difficult?
• Do your erections vary in different situations, such as during intercourse, oral stimulation, or masturbation?
• Are you facing issues with sex drive or arousal?
• Do you experience problems with ejaculation or orgasm?
• How has this problem affected your sexual enjoyment?
• Do you experience pain, lumps, or penile curvature? These may indicate Peyronie’s Disease and require assessment and management by a urology expert.

If you have concerns about stress and emotional health, it is recommended to seek consultation with a urology expert for further evaluation and treatment. During your visit, your healthcare provider may inquire about depression, anxiety, or any issues in your relationship with your partner. Some healthcare providers may also ask for permission to involve your sex partner in the conversation. Rest assured that addressing these concerns can greatly contribute to your overall well-being.

• Do you experience frequent stress or have recent challenges affected you?
• Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, or other mental health concerns?
• Are you currently taking any medication for your mental well-being?
• How satisfied are you with your sexual life? Have there been any recent changes?
• How is your relationship with your partner? Have there been any recent developments?

Physical Exam

A physical examination is a comprehensive assessment of your overall health. It typically includes an evaluation of the genitals (penis and testicles) to screen for erectile dysfunction (ED). Depending on your age and risk factors, the examination may also focus on your cardiovascular system, including the heart, peripheral pulses, and blood pressure. In some cases, your doctor may perform a rectal exam to check the prostate based on your age and family history. These tests are generally painless, and extensive testing is usually not necessary before initiating treatment. Prioritizing your health through a thorough physical exam is crucial for optimal well-being.

Lab Tests for Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

Your healthcare provider may recommend blood tests and urine sample collection to identify underlying health conditions associated with ED. Discover effective solutions for ED diagnosis and treatment.

Other Tests

Health experts frequently utilize questionnaires to assess erectile function, sexual satisfaction, and identify potential orgasmic issues. These assessments provide valuable insights into your overall sexual health and can aid in identifying any concerns.

Advanced Erectile Function Tests

Some men with erectile dysfunction (ED) may require specialized testing to guide treatment or re-evaluate their condition after unsuccessful treatment attempts. The following tests may be conducted:Treatment

1. Hormone blood work: This includes checking testosterone levels and other male hormones.
2. Blood sugar measurement: Blood work can be done to assess diabetes as a potential cause.
3. Penile Doppler ultrasonography: This test evaluates blood flow to the penis.
4. Vascular stimulant injection: A shot of a vascular stimulant can be administered to induce an erection.
5. Pelvic x-rays: Although rarely necessary unless there is a history of trauma or cancer, arteriography, MRI, or CT scanning may be used to investigate ED.
6. Nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT): This overnight test checks for erections during sleep.

The treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) begins with prioritizing heart and vascular health. Your doctor may identify modifiable “risk factors” that can be improved. This may involve making changes to your diet, quitting smoking, increasing physical activity, or discontinuing the use of drugs or alcohol. Additionally, your healthcare provider may offer alternative medications. It is important to never stop or alter prescription drugs without consulting your healthcare provider.

Furthermore, addressing emotional issues may be recommended by your healthcare provider. These issues can arise from conflicts in relationships, life stressors, or anxiety and depression related to past experiences with ED (performance anxiety).

Taking care of your heart and vascular health, as well as addressing emotional well-being, are crucial steps in the treatment of ED. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan.

The treatments below are available to treat ED directly.

ED Treatments

Non-invasive treatments are often the first line of defense for erectile dysfunction (ED). The most well-known and effective treatments for ED, such as Viagra, Cialis, Levitra, and Stendra, are commonly prescribed in the U.S. It is important to consult with your healthcare provider about potential side effects associated with each option.

Some of the treatment options for ED include:

• Oral drugs or pills, known as phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors
• Testosterone therapy for individuals with low testosterone levels
• Penile injections (ICI, intracavernosal Alprostadil)
• Intraurethral medication (IU, Alprostadil)
• Vacuum erection devices
• Penile implants
• Surgical procedures to bypass penile artery damage in younger men with a history of severe pelvic trauma. However, penile vascular surgery is not recommended for older men with hardened arteries.

Oral Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction (ED): PDE5 Inhibitors

PDE5 inhibitors are a type of medication that can enhance blood flow to the penis, effectively treating ED. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the following oral drugs for ED treatment in the U.S.:

• Viagra® (sildenafil citrate)
• Levitra® (vardenafil HCl)
• Cialis® (tadalafil)
• Stendra® (avanafil)

To achieve optimal results, men with ED are advised to take these pills approximately one to two hours before sexual activity. It is important to note that normal nerve function is necessary for the drugs to work effectively by improving erectile responses and facilitating blood flow to the penis. Follow the prescribed usage instructions for these medications.

Studies have shown that approximately 7 out of 10 men experience improved erections and positive outcomes with PDE5 inhibitors. However, response rates may be lower for individuals with diabetes or those undergoing cancer treatment.

If you are currently taking nitrates for heart-related conditions, it is crucial to avoid using any PDE5 inhibitors. Always consult with your healthcare provider before taking PDE5 inhibitors to ensure they are safe for your specific health needs.

The side effects of PDE5 inhibitors are usually mild and short-lived. Common side effects include headache, stuffy nose, facial flushing, muscle aches, and indigestion. In rare cases, Viagra® may cause temporary blue-green shading in vision, while Cialis® can occasionally lead to back pain or muscle aches. It’s important to note that these side effects are related to the effects of PDE5 inhibitors on various tissues in the body, as they work to enhance blood flow to the penis while also impacting other vascular tissues. It’s worth emphasizing that these are not allergic reactions.

Testosterone Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

In some cases, a low sex drive and insufficient Testosterone levels can contribute to ED. Testosterone Therapy has shown promise in restoring normal erections and enhancing the effectiveness of ED drugs, such as PDE type 5 inhibitors.

Vacuum Erection Device

A vacuum erection device, also known as a VED, is a plastic tube that is placed over the penis to create a seal with the body’s skin. By using a pump attached to the tube, a low-pressure vacuum is created around the erectile tissue, resulting in an erection. To maintain the erection, an elastic ring is placed at the base of the penis. This method can help men achieve a working erection, with about 75 out of 100 men experiencing success. Learn more about vacuum erection devices and how they can improve sexual function.

Intracavernosal (ICI) and Urethra (IU) Therapies for Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

If oral medications are ineffective, Alprostadil, an approved drug for men with ED, can be used. Alprostadil is available in two forms: intracavernosal injection (ICI) and urethral therapy (IU therapy).

Self-Injection Therapy

Alprostadil is administered through injection into the side of the penis using a fine needle. It is highly recommended to have the first injection performed by a doctor before attempting it on your own. Your doctor will provide self-injection lessons in their office, ensuring you are trained by an experienced professional. This treatment boasts a success rate of up to 85% in achieving an erection firm enough for sexual activity, making it a potential solution for men who do not respond to oral PDE5 inhibitors.

In the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), ICI Alprostadil can be used in combination with two other drugs, creating a stronger therapy known as “bimix or trimix.” This combination has become the standard treatment for ED, although only the Alprostadil ingredient is FDA approved for this purpose. The dosage of each drug can be adjusted based on the severity of your ED, under the guidance of a knowledgeable healthcare professional.

ICI therapy often results in a reliable erection, which may subside after 20-30 minutes or following climax. Unlike erections controlled by penile nerves, an ICI erection may persist beyond orgasm. It is important to note that the most common side effect of ICI therapy is a prolonged erection, which can be resolved with a second injection (antidote) administered in a medical setting.

If you experience penile erections lasting longer than two to four hours, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention in an Emergency Room. Priapism is a prolonged erection lasting longer than four hours, and it can be extremely painful. Failure to promptly address priapism can result in permanent penile damage and untreatable ED.

Intraurethral (IU) Therapy: A Convenient and Effective Treatment Option

In IU therapy, a small medicated pellet containing Alprostadil, a potent drug, is inserted into the urethra – the tube responsible for carrying urine out of the body. This method eliminates the need for injections, although it may not be as effective as ICI therapy. It is recommended to test IU Alprostadil in a medical setting before using it at home.

While IU alprostadil can provide relief, it is important to be aware of potential side effects. Some individuals may experience a burning sensation in the penis. If an erection lasts longer than four hours, seeking medical attention is necessary to alleviate the condition.

Surgical Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

One of the primary surgical interventions for ED is the insertion of a penile implant, also known as a penile prosthesis. As penile vascular surgery is not recommended for older males who have not responded to oral PDE5 inhibitors, ICI or IU therapies, implants are often the next course of action. While the placement of a penile implant carries some risks, it boasts the highest rates of success and satisfaction among available ED treatment options. Explore surgical solutions for ED and regain your sexual confidence today.

Penile implants are internal devices that provide a rigid penis for normal sexual activity, enhancing uninterrupted intimacy and spontaneity in relationships. There are two types of penile implants available: semi-rigid (bendable) and inflatable.

The semi-rigid implant consists of two easy-to-bend silicone rods, offering the necessary firmness for sexual penetration. It can be bent downward for urination or upward for sexual intercourse.

On the other hand, inflatable implants involve fluid-filled cylinders placed lengthwise in the penis. These cylinders are connected to a pump located in the scrotum. When activated, the pump inflates the cylinders, creating a natural-looking and stiff erection. This type of implant allows men to control the firmness and sometimes the size of the erection. It provides a satisfying experience for both partners, and lubricants may be recommended. Importantly, penile implants do not affect a man’s sensation or ability to achieve orgasm.

What is the Surgery Like?

Penile implants are typically placed under anesthesia. It is important to note that if a patient has any infections, such as systemic, skin, or urinary tract infections, it is recommended to treat them before proceeding with this surgery. Additionally, if a man is taking blood thinners, it is advisable to consult with a medical expert regarding the possibility of discontinuing the medication for elective surgery and recovery.

During the procedure, a small surgical incision is made either above the penis, near the abdominal area, or under the penis, close to the scrotum. It’s important to note that no tissue is removed during this process, and the amount of blood loss is typically minimal. Depending on the specific case, the patient may be discharged on the same day or stay in the hospital overnight. This surgical procedure, known as a penile incision, is a common and safe method used for various medical purposes. It is performed by skilled surgeons and has proven to be effective in treating certain conditions.

Recovery Time after Penile Implants:

After undergoing penile implant surgery, it is important to understand the recovery process. Here are some key points to keep in mind:

1. Pain Relief: Initially, most men may experience pain, which can be managed with prescribed narcotic pain-relief medication for one to two weeks. After the first week, over-the-counter pain drugs like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used instead.
2. Discomfort and Swelling: It is normal to experience discomfort, bruising, and swelling for a few weeks following the surgery. This is part of the healing process.
3. Physical Activity: During the first month, it is important to limit physical activity as advised by the surgeon. They will provide guidance on when and how much exercise should be done during the healing period.
4. Resuming Sexual Activity: Typically, men can start having sex with their penile implants around eight weeks after surgery. However, if there is persistent swelling or pain, the use of the implant may be delayed. The surgeon or healthcare expert will provide instructions on how to inflate and deflate the implant.
5. Risks and Complications: Patients are counseled about the risks involved in prosthetic surgery before the procedure. In case of a post-operative infection, the implant may need to be removed. While penile implants are generally reliable, mechanical malfunctions may occur, requiring surgical replacement of the device or its parts. If a penile prosthesis is removed, non-surgical treatments may no longer be effective.

It is important to note that most men and their partners express satisfaction with penile implants, reporting a return to more spontaneous intimacy.

Supplements for ED: A Cheaper Alternative to Prescription Drugs

Supplements have gained popularity as a cost-effective option for treating erectile dysfunction (ED). However, it’s important to note that the effectiveness and safety of these supplements have not been thoroughly tested. Many over-the-counter drugs have been found to contain unregulated PDE 5 inhibitors as their main ingredient. The quantities of Viagra, Cialis, Levitra, or Stendra in these supplements are not standardized, raising concerns about quality control. The FDA has issued consumer warnings and alerts regarding these products.

After Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

All treatments for ED, except for implant surgery, are used on an as-needed basis for sexual activity and gradually wear off. While these treatments provide symptomatic relief, they do not address the root cause of the penile problem.

If the effectiveness of medical treatments falls short of expectations, there are several options to explore:

1. Adjusting the prescribed dosage of PDE5 inhibitors, intraurethral (IU) or intracavernosal (ICI) alprostadil, as advised by your doctor may yield better results.
2. Revisiting the treatment instructions could reveal any missed steps in your plan.
3. Exploring alternative approaches may be necessary. Emotional or relationship counseling, a vacuum erection device, or a penile implant are all viable options when other methods prove ineffective. Don’t lose hope!

Remember, addressing ED requires a personalized approach and open communication with your healthcare provider.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know my ED is physical and not mental?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a complex condition that health providers now understand to have both physical and emotional causes. It is important to acknowledge that most men have an underlying physical cause of ED and that psychological factors may also play a role. While it is challenging to completely dismiss the psychological aspect of ED, it is crucial to address both physical and emotional factors for effective treatment.

If I worry about being able to get an erection, can I make a bad condition worse?

The brain is vital for all bodily functions, including sexual performance. Experiencing anxiety about erectile ability can hinder its occurrence, known as performance anxiety. Fortunately, education and treatment can help overcome this issue.

Can I combine treatment options?

It is common practice to combine treatments, but it is crucial to consult with your healthcare provider beforehand. Prolonged erections due to drug therapy can be risky. Make sure to seek proper instructions from your doctor.

I was fine until I began taking this new drug, what should I do?

It’s crucial to consult your healthcare provider before discontinuing or altering any prescribed medication. While certain drugs may contribute to erectile dysfunction (ED), it’s important to assess the overall benefits of the medication before considering a change. If you suspect a specific drug is causing ED, discuss alternative options with your healthcare provider. In cases where switching medications is not possible, there are effective treatments available for ED.

What Questions Should I Ask My Health Care Provider?

• What is ED?
• What causes ED? Can it be prevented?
• Can you help me with ED, or do I need to see a specialist? If I need a specialist (Urologist), do you have a referral for me?
• What tests do you suggest to find the cause of my ED, and why?
• Can you check my heart and blood health?
• Are there any lifestyle changes that could help my symptoms?
• What types of treatments are available?
• What treatment do you suggest for me and why?
• What are the pros and cons of each type of treatment you suggest?
• What are the side effects?
• What happens if the first treatment doesn’t help?

For those residing in Schertz, TX and neighboring communities, ReUP Men’s Clinic stands as a leading men’s clinic dedicated to advancing men’s health through innovative and ethical practices. Our esteemed team of experts prioritizes your well-being, providing personalized in-person consultations and state-of-the-art treatments tailored to your unique health profile. Experience a renewed sense of vitality and well-being with ReUP Men’s Clinic – your trusted partner in men’s health.